4 Ways Canada Can Improve To Retain International Students

BHER meeting Sean Fraser IRCC Minister

Today, John Stackhouse (senior vice president at RBC) and Valerie Walker (president of the Business + Higher Education Roundtable (BHER), shared 4 ways Canada can keep global talent and prevent it from going elsewhere. 

Processing of study visa for Canada continues to be slower and not meeting IRCC service standards. Generally, Student Direct Stream (SDS) program for study visa has a standard processing time of 20 calendar days. However, applicants have to wait for much longer to get their study visa result. In some cases, it may take up to 4 months.

In certain cases applicants received study visa approval after starting of their classes. This is discouraging for future study visa applicants. According to figures from Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada, more than 620,000 international students were studying in Canada in 2021, and that number has continued to rise.

Recent research from RBC Economics shows that International students are stranded in an overly complex immigration system, with no clear, quick path to study permits or permanent residency and job once they graduate from college.

As a result, losing global talent is one of the major concerns for Canada as the country has an ageing population. Other countries among the race of attracting global talent such as U.K., U.S., Australia are offering much faster processing of study visas.



Contribution of international students to build Canada 

In November 1, 2022 new immigration levels plan announcement, IRCC Minister Sean Fraser acknowledged that international students contribute more than $23 billion annually. Moreover, international students have been the only source of new enrolments at post-secondary institutions in Canada since 2016. 

In addition, when financial pressure is intense on Canadian institutions, the unsubsidized tuition costs paid by international students constitute a crucial source of income.

Canada’s labour market is losing a generation of workers. Additionally, improper alignment between the skills taught to employees and the labour market’s productivity is a problem. If Canada doesn’t change its direction soon, it’ll lag behind its competitors and be unable to address its most pressing problems.

4 Ways to improve international students program

As per John Stackhouse and Valerie Walker:

First, Canada must follow the example set by peers like the U.S. and the U.K. in making it simpler for students to study and stay. It’s a good start that the federal government is allowing international students to work longer hours and automating some visa renewal applications. 

The best talent in the world won’t wait months for a work or study permit when they can obtain one from the U.K. in a matter of days. By working with the government to verify financial guarantees or educational credentials, post-secondary and financial institutions can reduced the processing times for study visa.

Second, Canada relies too heavily on students from China and India studying abroad. To increase the talent pool and reduce risk, Canada must do more to attract students from South America, other Asian nations, and francophone countries.

Third, Canada should pay more attention to in-demand skills for the country’s present and future labour markets and less to hiring goals. By forming alliances with groups like the Business + Higher Education Roundtable (BHER), employers and post-secondary institutions can better match hiring practices to labour market demands.

As well as promote the expansion of programs related to in-demand professions like those in the net-zero economy, STEM fields, and healthcare.

Finally, Canada must put a stronger emphasis on the experience of international students. For example, while studying in this country, provinces and municipalities must allocate more funds to affordable housing, public transit, and health care, particularly mental health. 

Additionally, a part of BHER’s mandate suggests expanding the chances for international students to engage in WIL could enhance their career prospects and overall Canadian experience.


  • New Ontario-OINP Quota For 2023 Increases By 7,500

    Ontario Immigrant Nominee Program (OINP) provincial nomination quota increases by around 70% for 2023.

    For 2023 quota increases to 16,500 as compared to only 9,750 in 2022 and 9,000 in 2021.

    This allocation for Ontario in 2023 makes up 36% of the total national allocation for provincial nominations.

    Federal government immigration department allots number of nominations per year to all the provinces.

    Recently, Alberta also announced that their provincial nomination quota also increases by 50% for 2023.

    Ontario has been repeatedly calling on the Federal government to increase Ontario PNP quota since 2021 and now it is heard.

    Furthermore, this quota is set to double by the year 2025 as per the OINP official press release on March 18, 2023.

    So, the province will have more than 18,000 slots available under the OINP in 2025.

    YearOINP Quota
    202518,361
    2024~17,000
    202316,500
    20229,750
    20219,000

    As per official Ontario data, there were around 300,000 open jobs in December 2022 and this new increase will help in addressing the labour gap.

    In 2022, Ontario exhausted all of its allotted number of 9,750 immigrants under the OINP, including 3,900 skilled trades employees, 2,200 software and IT professionals, and approximately 100 nurses and personal support workers.

    Click here for all the Ontario PNP Draws and Latest News.

    Focus Shift Towards Provincial Nominee Programs (PNPs)

    Provincial Nominee Programs (PNPs) are operated by each of the province in Canada, but annual nomination allocation is provided IRCC (Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada).

    During pandemic, IRCC halted the Federal Express Entry all program draws and only held the PNP draws.

    So, applicants started focusing on different PNPs across Canada. Now that Express Entry is moving towards the targeted draws this year, the focus tends to remain on provincial nominations.

    As per immigration levels plan of 2023, PNPs have target of 105,500 as compared to only 82,800 for the Express Entry.

    Moreover, provincial nomination adds 600 extra points to Express Entry profiles making it almost 100% to be selected in the next draw.

    So far, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Alberta, and Ontario has announced that their annual PNP allocation has been increased.

    More than 40% increase in provincial nominations is expected for other provinces as well.

    Foreign Workers in Canada as well as skilled workers outside Canada should assess their profile merits for different provincial nominee programs for better prospects.

    New Announcement To Help Immigrant Workers

    Today, Ontarian labour and immigration minister announce the Working for Workers Act of 2023, if passed would maintain its national leadership in offering ground-breaking rights for employees.

    Changes to the Act, which were announced today, will increase safeguards for vulnerable and migratory workers by introducing the highest possible sanctions in Canada for organizations.

    Furthermore, individuals found guilty of withholding a foreign national’s work permit or passport will be fined between $100,000 and $200,000.

    With the help of legislation today, these penalties might be enhanced, meaning that these criminals would soon have to pay millions of dollars in fines for their unlawful conduct.

    In addition to the penalty for each passport, anyone found guilty of keeping their passports would also face a fine of up to $500,000, a sentence of up to 12 months in jail, or both.

    Companies found guilty might face fines of up to $1 million.

    The maximum penalties for businesses found guilty of violating the Occupational Health and Safety Act (OHSA) will rise from $1.5 million to $2 million if the government’s proposed revisions are approved.

    As a result, Ontario would have the largest possible corporate penalties under Canadian occupational health and safety laws.

    The government increased the maximum punishment for individuals to $500,000 and for corporate directors to $1,500,000 last spring.

    Source: Ontario Newsroom


    OINP - Ontario Immigrant Nominee Program
  • Canada Announces New Open Work Permit For Turkish & Syrian Nationals

    Today, immigration minister of Canada, the Honourable Sean Fraser announced new measures to support Turkish and Syrian temporary residents.

    Effective from March 29, 2023 nationals of Türkiye and Syria will benefit from below listed new measures:

    • extension of temporary status (study, work or visitor) within Canada free of charge.
    • priority processing of immigration applications submitted by earthquake victims
    • new open work permit of up to 3 years for temporary residents already in Canada.
    • easier transition between temporary residents statuses.
    • no requirement of passports and travel document requirements for the Canadian permanent residence applicants outside Canada.
    • For Canadian citizens and permanent residents in Turkey and Syria, there will be no costs for temporary passports, passports with restricted validity, emergency travel papers, Canadian citizenship certificates, or permanent resident travel documents.

    Applications for temporary residency from the impacted areas, both new and old, as well as applications for permanent residence, including applications for refugee resettlement, are all being processed on a priority basis.

    This includes requests for visiting visas for members of a person’s immediate family who are Canadian citizens or permanent residents so they can visit their loved ones.

    The purpose of these new immigration measures announced today is to assist Turkish and Syrian temporary residents who may not be able to leave Canada at this time owing to the devastation caused by the recent earthquakes in the area.

    Over 16,000 applicants have applications being processed in Turkey and Syria as of February 8, 2023.

    Among them, about 1,700 (750 permanent residents and 920 temporary residents) came from the earthquake-affected region.

    These new measures will stay in effect until September 25, 2023.

    As part of its resettlement programme, Canada is also collaborating with UN partners in the region to offer temporary housing to refugees who have been negatively affected while they wait for their applications to be reviewed.

    Further details on how to apply for these new measures will be accessible on the IRCC website in the upcoming weeks.


    Canad Immigration Minister March 18
  • IRCC backlog drops to 910,400 despite increase in new applications

    IRCC backlog drops by around 64,000 as per new official data updated by the Canadian immigration department on March 17.

    IRCC backlog now stands at 910,400 which is an all-time low number since the processing woes started in pandemic.

    This reduction in IRCC backlog has been registered along all the business lines including Citizenship(-7.2%), Permanent residency(-3.78%), and temporary residency(-8.28%).

    Furthermore, there has been increase of 82,300 in new immigration applications as of February 28, 2023.

    Canada immigration department was processing 1,052,200 files within IRCC service standards in the end of last month.

    In total, IRCC was processing 1,962,600 immigration/visa applications as of February 28.

    DateBacklogTotal Applications
    Under Processing
    February 28, 2023910,4001,962,600
    January 31, 2023974,6001,944,500
    December 31, 2022918,3001,973,800
    November 30, 20221,086,2002,111,400
    October 31, 20221,202,7902,239,700
    September 30, 20221,322,5002,610,700

    It is important to note that IRCC backlog data and service standard data are different as explained below.

    For example, if the typical processing period for spousal sponsorship is 12 months, an application that is being processed within 12 months is “NOT” a backlog. Instead, it will be treated as regular processing.

    But, if it surpasses the 12-month service threshold, then only it should be regarded a backlog.

    The IRCC aims to process 80% of applications within these service standards. Learn more about IRCC service standards.

    Application TypeOverall Processing InventoryBacklogWithin Service Standards
    Citizenship299,00077,000222,000
    Permanent Residence622,600335,400287,200
    Temporary Residence1,041,000498,000543,000
    Total1,962,600910,4001052,200

    IRCC Backlog Projections For 2023

    1. Backlog Projections For Federal High Skilled

    MonthBacklog (Actual)Backlog (Projected)
    Jan 2289%
    Feb 2292%
    Mar 2298%
    Apr 2299%
    May 22100%
    Jun 22100%
    Jul 2299%
    Aug 2290%86%
    Sep 2268%72%
    Oct 2245%59%
    Nov 2231%46%
    Dec 2222%20%
    Jan 2320%20%
    Feb 2320%20%
    Mar 2320%
    Apr 2320%
    May 2320%

    2. Backlog Projections For Express Entry Provincial Nominee Program

    MonthBacklog (Actual)Backlog (Projected)
    Jan 2256%
    Feb 2255%
    Mar 2254%
    Apr 2251%
    May 2247%
    Jun 2245%
    Jul 2243%
    Aug 2242%39%
    Sep 2240%35%
    Oct 2242%31%
    Nov 2242%28%
    Dec 2241%20%
    Jan 2338%40%
    Feb 2332%39%
    Mar 2332%
    Apr 2330%
    May 2328%

    3. Backlog Projections for Spouses, Partners and children applications

    MonthBacklog (Actual)Backlog (Projected)
    Jan 2234%
    Feb 2232%
    Mar 2230%
    Apr 2229%
    May 2227%
    Jun 2227%
    Jul 2226%
    Aug 2225%24%
    Sep 2225%23%
    Oct 2224%22%
    Nov 2224%20%
    Dec 2224%19%
    Jan 2324%24%
    Feb 2323%24%
    Mar 2324%
    Apr 2324%
    May 2324%

    4. Citizenship Backlog Projections

    MonthBacklog (Actual)Backlog (Projected)
    Jan 2246%
    Feb 2245%
    Mar 2242%
    Apr 2240%
    May 2239%
    Jun 2237%
    Jul 2235%
    Aug 2230%30%
    Sep 2230%30%
    Oct 2228%28%
    Nov 2229%27%
    Dec 2228%26%
    Jan 2327%26%
    Feb 2326%25%
    Mar 2324%
    Apr 2324%
    May 2324%

    5. Study Permit Applications’ Backlog Projections

    MonthBacklog (Actual)Backlog (Projected)
    Jan 2242%
    Feb 2234%
    Mar 2227%
    Apr 2232%
    May 2231%
    Jun 2230%
    Jul 2231%
    Aug 2238%39%
    Sep 2231%42%
    Oct 2226%33%
    Nov 2228%31%
    Dec 2232%33%
    Jan 2335%36%
    Feb 2329%34%
    Mar 2325%
    Apr 2322%
    May 2315%

    6. Work Permit Applications’ Backlog Projections

    **According to IRCC, about 73% of work visa applications originate from the Canada-Ukraine emergency travel permission.

    MonthBacklog (Actual)Backlog (Projected)
    Jan 2248%
    Feb 2251%
    Mar 2229%
    Apr 2223%
    May 2226%
    Jun 2228%
    Jul 2228%
    Aug 2234%29%
    Sep 2227%35%
    Oct 2223%49%
    Nov 2224%55%
    Dec 2225%60%
    Jan 2326%26%
    Feb 2323%28%
    Mar 2328%
    Apr 2328%
    May 2328%

    7. Backlog Projections For Temporary Resident Visa (TRV) or Visitor Visa

    **The Canada-Ukraine authorization for emergency travel accounts for 20% of temporary resident visa or visitor visa applications, according to IRCC.

    MonthBacklog (Actual)Backlog (Projected)
    Jan 2270%
    Feb 2274%
    Mar 2255%
    Apr 2255%
    May 2256%
    Jun 2271%
    Jul 2267%
    Aug 2271%68%
    Sep 2274%71%
    Oct 2274%70%
    Nov 2270%67%
    Dec 2270%77%
    Jan 2368%68%
    Feb 2364%68%
    Mar 2365%
    Apr 2359%
    May 2350%

    New IRCC Backlog data 2023
  • IEC 2023 New Round Of Invitations Sent >1,500 Invites

    The 10th IEC 2023 (International Experience Canada) draw sent over 1,500 invites under 3 categories, for the week commencing March 17, 2023.

    Around 1,200 invitations were sent to the participants in pool for the IEC Working Holiday category from more than 30 different countries.

    Only 7 countries are now left with Excellent chance of receiving an invitation in next IEC 2023 Working Holiday category next week.

    These are Andorra, Croatia, Luxembourg, Norway, San Marino, Slovenia, and Sweden.

    Applicants from rest of the countries under Working Holiday category have a low chance of receiving an invite based on candidates in pool and available spots.

    This year, a total of 90,000 quota is allotted for IEC 2023, and around 65,000 invitations have already been distributed.

    Moving forward, the IEC 2023 Young Professionals category receives more than 234 invitations. Furthermore, 177 applicants in pool are competing for 3,403 spots.

    This week, 65 more spots have been added in the Young Professionals category for Taiwan.

    Last week, extra spots were added for Greece under Working Holiday and Young Professionals category.

    Similarly, IEC 2023 Working Holiday Quota for Korea and the United Kingdom was also raised in week ending February 24.

    In addition, 148 invitations are distributed under the International Co-op (internship) category.

    The current IEC season has a processing time of less than three weeks, according to the most recent IRCC processing report on March 7.

    The statistics for each nation, including the number of invites, candidates in the pool, and available seats, is provided below.

    IEC 2023 Working Holiday Category

    CountryInvitations Issued This WeekTotal Invitations Issued In 2023Candidates In PoolAvailable Spots
    Andorra010119
    Australia1503,556289Unlimited
    Austria0154190
    Belgium2767438282
    Croatia4781227
    Czech Republic1861636599
    Denmark1217818215
    Estonia578765
    France016,8853,6520
    Germany1012,4772032,740
    Greece822512160
    Hong Kong62371388
    Ireland1254,6263267,636
    Italy421,222851,008
    Japan1103,0812394,076
    Korea Republic1697,4561,0941,740
    Latvia67210
    Lithuania183043224
    Luxembourg119267
    Netherlands2766747342
    New Zealand501,203821,620
    Norway0461101
    Poland1247431356
    Portugal18517481,378
    San Marino04022
    Slovakia832519108
    Slovenia127168
    Spain251,169771,081
    Sweden2118114478
    United Kingdom2005,7544936,481
    Total1,16452,3156,88130,981

    IEC 2023 Young Professionals Category

    CountryInvitations Issued This WeekTotal Invitations Issued In 2023Candidates In PoolAvailable Spots
    Australia1642Unlimited
    Austria16160
    Chile2529016157
    Costa Rica312933
    Croatia06017
    Czech Republic7127667
    Estonia0308
    France1101,546721,281
    France via Volontariat international en entreprise (VIE)1119241372
    Germany2619110241
    Greece3922116
    Ireland2616141
    Italy31303151
    Latvia2606
    Lithuania015013
    Luxembourg00010
    Norway05010
    Poland533096
    Portugal2180191
    Slovakia230116
    Slovenia13114
    Spain7904110
    Spain via ICEX VivesNot applicableNot applicableNot applicable50
    Sweden316095
    Switzerland13145597
    Taiwan788481
    Total2343,2861773,403

    International Co-op (Internship)

    CountryInvitations issued this weekTotal Invitations Issued In 2023Candidates In PoolAvailable Spots
    France1422,556902402
    Ireland17244
    Germany3472136
    Luxembourg0309
    Switzerland019037
    Taiwan21119
    Total1482,643952,637

    Source: IEC 2023


  • New OINP Draws Invite 615 Francophone Express Entry Profiles

    March 16 – Today, Ontario Provincial Nominee Program officially known as Ontario Immigrant Nominee Program (OINP) sent invites to 615 Francophone Express Entry profiles, in 2 new targeted draws.

    These are the first 2 OINP draws of the year, targeting French-Speaking Express Entry profiles having Comprehensive Ranking System (CRS) score between 291-489.

    Express Entry profiles created between March 16, 2022 and March 16, 2023 were considered for these draws.

    Furthermore, Express Entry profiles with 98 NOC codes in health, education, finance, tech, trades, and other priority occupations.

    DateInvitationsCRS score rangeExpress Entry Profile Creation DateNotes
    March 16, 2023271291-489March 16, 2022 – March 16, 2023Targeted at Tech, Trades and Other Priority occupations
    March 16, 2023344400-489March 16, 2022 – March 16, 2023Targeted at Health, Education and Finance occupations

    Ontario directly select the profiles from Express Entry pool and there is no separate application to be considered for this draw.

    However, invited Express Entry profiles will have to apply and claim the provincial nomination from Ontario to receive 600 additional points.

    List of Invited NOCs/Occupations Invited In OINP draw today

    Health, Education and Finance occupations

    • NOC 10010 – Financial managers
    •  NOC 10011 – Human resources managers
    •  NOC 12101 – Human resources and recruitment officers
    •  NOC 12102 – Procurement and purchasing agents and officers
    •  NOC 13100 – Administrative officers
    •  NOC 13110 – Administrative assistants
    •  NOC 31100 – Specialists in clinical and laboratory medicine
    •  NOC 31101 – Specialists in surgery
    •  NOC 31102 – General practitioners and family physicians
    •  NOC 31112 – Audiologists and Speech-Language Pathologists
    •  NOC 31120 – Pharmacists
    •  NOC 31200 – Psychologists
    •  NOC 31202 – Physiotherapists
    •  NOC 31203 – Occupational Therapists
    •  NOC 31204 – Kinesiologists and other professional occupations in therapy and assessment
    •  NOC 31301 – Registered nurses and registered psychiatric nurses
    •  NOC 31302 – Nurse practitioners
    •  NOC 31303 – Physician assistants, midwives and allied health professionals
    •  NOC 32101 – Licensed practical nurses
    •  NOC 32103 – Respiratory therapists, clinical perfusionists and cardiopulmonary technologists
    •  NOC 32109 – Other technical occupations in therapy and assessment
    •  NOC 32120 – Medical laboratory technologists
    •  NOC 32121 – Medical radiation technologists
    •  NOC 33102 – Nurse aides, orderlies and patient service associates
    •  NOC 33103 – Pharmacy technical assistants and pharmacy assistants
    •  NOC 33109 – Other assisting occupations in support of health services
    •  NOC 40021 – School principals and administrators of elementary and secondary education
    •  NOC 41200 – University professors and lecturers
    •  NOC 41210 – College and other vocational instructors
    •  NOC 41220 – Secondary school teachers
    •  NOC 41221 – Elementary school and kindergarten teachers
    •  NOC 41300 – Social Workers
    •  NOC 41301 – Therapists in counselling and related specialized therapies
    •  NOC 41310 – Police investigators and other investigative occupations
    •  NOC 41321 – Career development practitioners and career counsellors (except education)
    •  NOC 42201 – Social and community service workers
    •  NOC 42202 – Early childhood educators and assistants
    •  NOC 42203 – Instructors of Persons with Disabilities
    •  NOC 43100 – Elementary and secondary school teacher assistants

    Tech, Trades and Other Priority occupations

    • NOC 20010 – Engineering managers
    •  NOC 20012 – Computer and Information Systems Managers
    •  NOC 21111 – Forestry professionals
    •  NOC 21112 – Agricultural representatives, consultants and specialists
    •  NOC 21120 – Public and environmental health and safety professionals
    •  NOC 21211 – Data Scientists
    •  NOC 21223 – Database Analysts and Data Administrators
    •  NOC 21230 – Computer systems developers and programmers
    •  NOC 21231 – Software engineers and designers
    •  NOC 21232 – Software developers and programmers
    •  NOC 21233 – Web designers
    •  NOC 21234 – Web Developers and Programmers
    •  NOC 21300 – Civil engineers
    •  NOC 21301 – Mechanical engineers
    •  NOC 21310 – Electrical and electronic engineers
    •  NOC 21311 – Computer engineers (except software engineers and designers )
    •  NOC 21320 – Chemical engineers
    •  NOC 21321 – Industrial and manufacturing engineers
    •  NOC 21322 – Metallurgical and materials engineers
    •  NOC 21330 – Mining engineers
    •  NOC 21331 – Geological engineers
    •  NOC 22101 – Geological and mineral technologists and technicians
    •  NOC 22301 – Mechanical engineering technologies and technicians
    •  NOC 22302 – Industrial engineers and manufacturing technologists and technicians
    •  NOC 22313 – Aircraft instrument, electrical and avionics mechanics, technicians, and inspectors
    •  NOC 62020 – Food service supervisors
    •  NOC 63201 – Butchers – retail and wholesale
    •  NOC 63202 – Bakers
    •  NOC 72011 – Contractors and supervisors, electrical trades and telecommunications occupations
    •  NOC 72014 – Contractors and supervisors, other construction trades, installers, repairers and servicers
    •  NOC 72020 – Contractors and supervisors, mechanic trades
    •  NOC 72024 – Supervisors, motor transport and other ground transit operators
    •  NOC 72100 – Machinists and machining and tooling inspectors
    •  NOC 72101 – Tool and die makers
    •  NOC 72104 – Structural metal and platework fabricators and fitters
    •  NOC 72106 – Welders and related machine operators
    •  NOC 72200 – Electricians (except industrial and power system)
    •  NOC 72201 – Industrial electricians
    •  NOC 72204 – Telecommunications line and cable installers and repairers
    •  NOC 72205 – Telecommunications equipment installation and cable television service technicians
    •  NOC 72300 – Plumbers
    •  NOC 72302 – Gas fitters
    •  NOC 72310 – Carpenters
    •  NOC 72311 – Cabinetmakers
    •  NOC 72320 – Bricklayers
    •  NOC 72400 – Construction millwrights and industrial mechanics
    •  NOC 72401 – Heavy-duty equipment mechanics
    •  NOC 72404 – Aircraft mechanics and aircraft inspectors
    •  NOC 72410 – Automotive service technicians, truck and bus mechanics and mechanical repairers
    •  NOC 72421 – Appliance servicers and repairers
    •  NOC 73100 – Concrete finishers
    •  NOC 73102 – Plasterers, drywall installers and finishers and lathers
    •  NOC 73110 – Roofers and shinglers
    •  NOC 73111 – Glaziers
    •  NOC 73112 – Painters and decorators (except interior decorators)
    •  NOC 73402 – Drillers and blasters – surface mining, quarrying and construction
    •  NOC 82020 – Supervisors, mining and quarrying
    •  NOC 82030 – Agricultural service contractors and farm supervisors
    •  NOC 93200 – Aircraft assemblers and aircraft assembly inspectors


  • New Updated IRCC Processing Times As Of March 14

    This page lists the latest processing times reported by the IRCC as of March 14, 2023, as well as a comparison to the previous week’s processing timings.

    For more than a year, we have been recording and analyzing the processing times for our readers, which are officially updated weekly by the IRCC.

    Please read the following information carefully to properly understand what these processing durations represent.

    In early 2022, the IRCC modified its processing tool to offer accurate statistics on regular processing times rather than only service standard timeframes.

    These processing timelines are meant to provide potential immigrants and visa applicants to Canada an indication of how long it may take for a decision to be reached on their application.

    These times are based on information obtained over the last 6 months for 80% of previously processed applications and are meant to offer the most recent weekly processing timings.

    This does not imply that your application will be processed in the same amount of time.

    Because it is an average of the processing times for 80% of the applications, so processing of your application may take longer or shorter than displayed.

    Please note that the processing time begins when the application is received by IRCC and concludes when the immigration officer determines whether to accept or reject it.

    Citizenship & PR cards

    Application TypeCurrent Processing TimeChange From Last Week
    Citizenship grant23 monthsNo Change
    Citizenship certificate (proof of citizenship)*14 monthsNo Change
    Resumption of citizenship30 monthsNo Change
    Renunciation of Citizenship14 monthsNo Change
    Search of citizenship records16 monthsNo Change
    New PR card34 days– 2 Days
    PR card renewals67 days– 2 Days

    *Proof of citizenship (Citizenship certificate): Applications from countries other than Canada and the United States may take longer to process.

    The IRCC is presently distributing acknowledgement of receipt (AOR) letters or emails to paper and online citizens who applied between January 30, 2023.

    Family Sponsorship

    Application TypeCurrent Processing TimeChange From Last Week
    Spouse or common-law partner living outside Canada16 monthsNo Change
    Spouse or common-law partner living inside Canada13 monthsNo Change
    Parents or Grandparents PR39 monthsNo Change

    Canadian Passport 

    Application TypeCurrent Processing TimeChange From Last Week
    In-Canada New Passport (Regular application submitted in person at Service Canada Centre – Passport services)10 business daysNo Change
    In-Canada New Passport (Regular application submitted by mail to Service Canada Centre)20 business daysNo Change
    In-Canda Urgent pick-upBy the end of next business dayNo Change
    In-Canada Express pick-up2-9 business daysNo Change
    Regular passport application mailed from outside Canada20 business daysNo Change

    Economic Class Permanent Residency Processing Time

    Application TypeCurrent Processing TimeChange From Last Week
    Canadian Experience Class (CEC)12 monthsNo Change
    Federal Skilled Worker Program (FSWP)30 monthsNo Change
    Federal Skilled Trades Program (FSTP)70 months (not updated
    by IRCC since March 1)
    No Change
    Provincial Nominee Program (PNP) via Express Entry11 monthsNo Change
    Non-Express Entry PNP20 monthsNo Change
    Quebec Skilled Workers (QSW)20 monthsNo Change
    Quebec Business Class67 monthsNo Change
    Federal Self-Employed43 monthsNo Change
    Atlantic Immigration Pilot (AIP)24 monthsNo Change
    Start-Up Visa33 monthsNo Change

    Temporary Residence Application 

    Application TypeCurrent Processing TimeChange From Last Week
    Visitor visa outside CanadaVaries by country
    India: 50 Days
    Nigeria: 359 Days
    United States: 21 Days
    Pakistan: 143 Days
    Philippines: 30 Days
    UAE: 320 Days
    Bangladesh: 162 Days
    Sri Lanka: 108 Days
    United Kingdom: 30 Days
    – 8 Days for India
    – 17 Days for Nigeria
    – 3 Days for United States
    – 23 Days for Pakistan
    – 1 Day for Philippines
    No change for UAE
    – 23 Day for Bangladesh
    – 27 Days for Sri Lanka
    No Change for UK
    Visitor visa inside CanadaOnline: 11 days
    Paper-Based: 33 days
    – 1 Day for online
    + 1 Day for paper-based
    Parents or Grandparents Super VisaVaries by country
    India: 129 Days
    Nigeria: 621 Days
    United States: 121 Days
    Pakistan: 420 Days
    Philippines: 231 Days
    UAE: 327 Days
    Bangladesh: 253 Days
    Sri Lanka: 306 Days
    United Kingdom: 175 Days
    – 4 Days for India
    + 225 Days for Nigeria
    No Change for United States
    – 2 Days for Pakistan
    + 5 Days for Philippines
    No Change for UAE
    No Change for Bangladesh
    + 2 Days for Sri Lanka
    + 6 Days for UK
    Study Permit Outside Canada10 WeeksNo Change
    Visitor Extension (Visitor Record)Online: 180 days
    Paper-Based: 87 days
    – 1 Day (Online)
    – 4 Days for Paper-Based
    Study Permit Inside Canada3 Weeks– Week
    Study Permit ExtensionOnline: 85 Days
    Paper-Based: 104 Days
    – 24 Days (Online)
    – 3 Days (Paper-Based)
    Work Permit Outside Canada*Varies by country
    India: 8 Weeks
    Nigeria: 25 Weeks
    United States: 14 Weeks
    Pakistan: 45 Weeks
    Philippines: 12 Weeks
    UAE: 39 Weeks
    Bangladesh: 30 Weeks
    Sri Lanka: 18 Weeks
    United Kingdom: 12 Weeks
    No Change for India
    – 2 Weeks for Nigeria
    – 1 Week for United States
    No Change for Pakistan
    No Change for Philippines
    – 3 Weeks for UAE
    No Change for Bangladesh
    – 3 Weeks for Sri Lanka
    + 1 Week for UK
    Work Permit Inside CanadaOnline: 154 Days
    Paper-Based: 29 Days
    – 2 Days (Online)
    – 24 Days for paper-based
    International Experience Canada (Current Season)3 WeeksNo Change
    Seasonal Agricultural Workers Program (SAWP)24 Days+ 1 Day
    Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA)5 minutesNo Change

    *Applications for critical occupations are being prioritized at this time. If you are not applying for a position in an essential occupation, your processing time may be longer than stated above.


  • Ontario-OINP Sent 906 Invites For PR In 2 New Draws

    Today, the Ontario Immigrant Nominee Program (OINP) sent 906 invitations to apply (ITA) for PR in 2 targeted draws, under Employer Job Offer: International Student Stream.

    606 invitations are sent to OINP profiles having a score of 70 and above targeting at 53 Tech and healthcare occupations.

    Furthermore, 300 invitations were sent to profiles having a score of 74 and above targeting at 54 Skilled Trades Occupations.

    For both of the draws today, EOIs submitted to Ontario PNP between November 22, 2022 and March 14, 2023 were considered.

    Below are the details of OINP Draws today.

    DateInvitationsDate profiles consideredScore rangeNotes
    March 14, 2023606November 22, 2022 – March 14, 202370 and aboveTargeted at tech and health occupations.
    March 14, 2023300November 22, 2022 – March 14, 202374 and aboveTargeted at skilled trades occupations.
    January 24, 2023620November 22, 2022 – January 24, 202382 and aboveGeneral Draw

    Overall, OINP Employer Job Offer: International Student stream has sent 1,526 invites in 2023.

    Click here to Calculate Your Scores For International Student Stream

    Tech and health occupations

    •  NOC 20012 – Computer and information systems managers
    •  NOC 21211 – Data Scientists
    •  NOC 21223 – Database analysts and data administrators
    •  NOC 21230 – Computer systems developers and programmers
    •  NOC 21231 – Software engineers and designers
    •  NOC 21232 – Software developers and programmers
    •  NOC 21233 – Web designers
    •  NOC 21234 – Web developers and programmers
    •  NOC 21311 – Computer engineers (except software engineers and designers
    •  NOC 22221 – User support technicians
    •  NOC 22222 – Information systems testing technicians
    •  NOC 30010 – Managers in health care
    •  NOC 31100 – Specialists in clinical and laboratory medicine
    •  NOC 31101 – Specialists in surgery
    •  NOC 31102 – General practitioners and family physicians
    •  NOC 31103 – Veterinarians
    •  NOC 31110 – Dentists
    •  NOC 31111 – Optometrists
    •  NOC 31112 – Audiologists and speech-language pathologists
    •  NOC 31120 – Pharmacists
    •  NOC 31121 – Dietitians and nutritionists
    •  NOC 31201 – Chiropractors
    •  NOC 31202 – Physiotherapists
    •  NOC 31203 – Occupational therapists
    •  NOC 31204 – Kinesiologists and other professional occupations in therapy and assessment
    •  NOC 31209 – Other professional occupations in health diagnosing and treating
    •  NOC 31300 – Nursing coordinators and supervisors
    •  NOC 31301 – Registered nurses and registered psychiatric nurses
    •  NOC 31302 – Nurse practitioners
    •  NOC 31303 – Physician assistants, midwives and allied health professionals
    •  NOC 32100 – Opticians
    •  NOC 32101 – Licensed practical nurses
    •  NOC 32102 – Paramedical occupations
    •  NOC 32103 – Respiratory therapists, clinical perfusionists and cardiopulmonary technologists
    •  NOC 32104 – Animal health technologists and veterinary technicians
    •  NOC 32109 – Other technical occupations in therapy and assessment
    •  NOC 32110 – Denturists
    •  NOC 32111 – Dental hygienists and dental therapists
    •  NOC 32112 – Dental technologists and technicians
    •  NOC 32120 – Medical laboratory technologists
    •  NOC 32121 – Medical radiation technologists
    •  NOC 32122 – Medical sonographers
    •  NOC 32123 – Cardiology technologists and electrophysiological diagnostic technologists
    •  NOC 32124 – Pharmacy technicians
    •  NOC 32129 – Other medical technologists and technicians
    •  NOC 32200 – Traditional Chinese medicine practitioners and acupuncturists
    •  NOC 32201 – Massage therapists
    •  NOC 32209 – Other practitioners of natural healing
    •  NOC 33100 – Dental assistants and dental laboratory assistants
    •  NOC 33101 – Medical laboratory assistants and related technical occupations
    •  NOC 33102 – Nurse aides, orderlies and patient service associates
    •  NOC 33103 – Pharmacy technical assistants and pharmacy assistants
    •  NOC 33109 – Other assisting occupations in support of health servic

    Skilled Trades occupations

    • NOC 22212 – Drafting technologists and technicians
    •  NOC 22221 – User support technicians
    •  NOC 22222 – Information systems testing technicians
    •  NOC 22301 – Mechanical engineering technologists and technicians
    •  NOC 22302 – Industrial engineering and manufacturing technologists and technicians
    •  NOC 22311 – Electronic service technicians (household and business equipment)
    •  NOC 22312 – Industrial instrument technicians and mechanics
    •  NOC 72010 – Contractors and supervisors, machining, metal forming, shaping and erecting trades and related occupations
    •  NOC 72011 – Contractors and supervisors, electrical trades and telecommunications occupations
    •  NOC 72012 – Contractors and supervisors, pipefitting trades
    •  NOC 72013 – Contractors and supervisors, carpentry trades
    •  NOC 72014 – Contractors and supervisors, other construction trades, installers, repairers and servicers
    •  NOC 72020 – Contractors and supervisors, mechanic trades
    •  NOC 72021 – Contractors and supervisors, heavy equipment operator crews
    •  NOC 72022 – Supervisors, printing and related occupations
    •  NOC 72024 – Supervisors, motor transport and other ground transit operators
    •  NOC 72101 – Tool and die makers
    •  NOC 72102 – Sheet metal workers
    •  NOC 72103 – Boilermakers
    •  NOC 72104 – Structural metal and platework fabricators and fitters
    •  NOC 72105 – Ironworkers
    •  NOC 72106 – Welders and related machine operators
    •  NOC 72200 – Electricians (except industrial and power system)
    •  NOC 72201 – Industrial electricians
    •  NOC 72203 – Electrical power line and cable workers
    •  NOC 72204 – Telecommunications line and cable installers and repairers
    •  NOC 72300 – Plumbers
    •  NOC 72301 – Steamfitters, pipefitters and sprinkler system installers
    •  NOC 72310 – Carpenters
    •  NOC 72320 – Bricklayers
    •  NOC 72321 – Insulators
    •  NOC 72400 – Construction millwrights and industrial mechanics
    •  NOC 72401 – Heavy-duty equipment mechanics
    •  NOC 72402 – Heating, refrigeration and air conditioning mechanics
    •  NOC 72403 – Railway carmen/women
    •  NOC 72404 – Aircraft mechanics and aircraft inspectors
    •  NOC 72406 – Elevator constructors and mechanics
    •  NOC 72410 – Automotive service technicians, truck and bus mechanics and mechanical repairers
    •  NOC 72422 – Electrical mechanics
    •  NOC 72423 – Motorcycle, all-terrain vehicle and other related mechanics
    •  NOC 72500 – Crane operators
    •  NOC 73100 – Concrete finishers
    •  NOC 73101 – Tilesetters
    •  NOC 73102 – Plasterers, drywall installers and finishers and lathers
    •  NOC 73110 – Roofers and shinglers
    •  NOC 73111 – Glaziers
    •  NOC 73112 – Painters and decorators (except interior decorators)
    •  NOC 73200 – Residential and commercial installers and servicers
    •  NOC 73201 – General building maintenance workers and building superintendents
    •  NOC 73202 – Pest controllers and fumigators
    •  NOC 73209 – Other repairers and servicers
    •  NOC 73400 – Heavy equipment operators
    •  NOC 82031 – Contractors and supervisors, landscaping, grounds maintenance and horticulture services
    •  NOC 92100 – Power engineers and power systems operators

    What is eligibility for Ontario PNP Employer Job Offer: International Student Stream

    Eligibility criteria to create an Expression of Interest (EOI) profile with OINP under International Student Stream:

    • A full-time (1,560 hours per year) employment offer in a skilled occupation in TEER Category 0, 1, 2, or 3.
    • Employment offer with salary that meets or exceeds the minimum wage for that occupation in the Ontario region where you will be working.
    • A degree or diploma from an OINP-approved institution that takes at least two years to complete.
    • Colleges and universities that are qualified are listed below.
    • The job offer must be primarily for work in Ontario.
    • Intend to reside in Ontario.

    Click here to Calculate Your Scores For International Student Stream


  • Full List Of High Demand Jobs In The Greater Toronto Area

    High Demand Jobs In The Greater Toronto Area: People opt to relocate to Greater Toronto Area, Canada’s largest and most diverse urban area, for a variety of reasons including job opportunities.

    Greater Toronto Area includes the City of Toronto and the regional municipalities of Durham, Halton, Peel, and York.

    Furthermore, GTA has more than 17% of total population in Canada. More the consumer, more the business, and more the job opportunities.

    This article enlists most high demand jobs in the GTA to plan your career accordingly.

    Most of these are also high demand occupations to get permanent residency (PR) via Ontario Immigrant Nominee Program (OINP) or Ontario Provincial Nominee Program (PNP).

    1. Software Developer

    A software developer designs, develops, and maintains software applications for businesses and organizations.

    Average salary: $75,000 to $100,000 per year

    2. Data Analyst

    A data analyst gathers, analyses, and interprets enormous amounts of data to assist organizations in making sound decisions.

    Average salary: $60,000 to $85,000 per year.

    3. Financial Analyst

    A financial analyst analyses financial data to assist firms in making investment choices and risk management.

    Average salary: $60,000 to $85,000 per year

    4. Business Development Manager

    A business development manager is in charge of designing methods to improve a company’s client base and income.

    Average salary: $75,000 to $100,000 per year

    5. Registered Nurse

    A registered nurse cares for and treats patients in a hospital, clinic, or other healthcare facility.

    Average salary: $70,000 to $90,000 per year

    6. Project Manager

    A project manager is in charge of monitoring and managing projects from beginning to end, ensuring that they are finished on schedule and within budget.

    Average salary: $75,000 to $100,000 per year

    7. Sales Representative

    Usually, in a business-to-business (B2B) setting, a sales person promotes and sells products or services to customers.

    Average salary: $50,000 to $70,000 per year

    8. Marketing Manager

    A marketing manager is in charge of developing and implementing marketing strategies to promote a company’s goods or services. 

    Average salary: $75,000 to $100,000 per year

    9. Human Resources Manager

    A human resources manager is in charge of a company’s personnel recruiting, hiring, and management.

    Average salary: $80,000 to $100,000 per year

    10. Account Manager

    An account manager is in charge of managing and sustaining client and customer relationships in order to assure their happiness and loyalty.

    Average salary: $60,000 to $85,000 per year

    11. Web Developer

    A web developer creates websites and web applications for companies and organizations.This profession is expected to grow even further in coming years.

    Average salary: $60,000 to $85,000 per year

    12. Graphic Designer

    A graphic designer makes visual designs for a company’s products or services, such as logos and marketing materials.

    Average salary: $45,000 to $65,000 per year

    13. Electrical Engineer

    An electrical engineer is responsible for the design, development, and maintenance of electrical systems and equipment for businesses and organizations.

    Average salary: $70,000 to $100,000 per year

    14. Mechanical Engineer

    A mechanical engineer is someone who designs, develops, and maintains mechanical systems and equipment for companies and organizations.

    Average salary: $70,000 to $100,000 per year

    15. Supply Chain Manager

    A supply chain manager oversees the movement of products and services from suppliers to consumers.

    Average salary: $80,000 to $100,000 per year

    16. Operations Manager

    An operations manager is in charge of a company’s or organization’s day-to-day operations.

    Average salary: $80,000 to $100,000 per year

    17. Customer Service Manager

    A customer service manager is in charge of overseeing and developing a company’s customer service activities.

    Average salary: $60,000 to $85,000 per year

    18. IT Manager

    An IT manager is in charge of overseeing and maintaining a company’s information technology.

    Average salary: $80,000 to $100,000 per year


  • Canada Spousal Sponsorship Refusal Reasons That You Must Avoid

    As per new Immigration levels plan 2023-2025, Canada is aiming to reunite more than 240,000 couples via spousal sponsorship.

    IRCC has service standard of processing 80% of the spousal sponsorship applications within 12 months.

    However, IRCC has not yet recovered from pandemic backlog completely. The current processing time for inland spousal sponsorship is 13 months and for outland it is still 16 months.

    Spousal sponsorship is designed to reunite couples allowing them to live together permanently in Canada.

    Furthermore, there is no education or language proficiency requirement for spouses.

    However, the application needs to be genuine and applicant must present all the documentation accurately to prove it so.

    Although, all the applicants proceed cautiously, but still many get refusal due to one reason or another.

    This article delves into 10 common refusal reasons that can be avoided to ensure that at least application is not rejected due to one of these.

    1. Inadmissibility

    Applicants who are found to be inadmissible due to criminal or medical reasons can have their sponsorship application refused.

    For e.g., if the spouse have had a DUI (Driving Under Influence) conviction in their home country, then they might be considered criminally inadmissible.

    You can read more on these here

    2. Lack of Genuine Relationship

    The application may be denied if the immigration officer feels that the connection between the sponsor and the sponsored spouse is not real or was entered into for immigration purposes.

    Ironically, many spousal sponsorship applications get rejected because their application fails to establish a genuine relationship.

    As a result, they have to then appeal the refusal which can take some time to get through. Long appeal durations have also taken toll onto the breakdown of relationship for many families.

    So, it is always advisable to submit your application upfront with full strength.

    3. Misrepresentation

    The application may be declined if the sponsor or sponsored spouse gives incorrect information or misrepresents oneself throughout the application procedure.

    Lying or sending false information or documents to Immigration, Refugees, and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) is a severe offence.

    Furthermore, some applicants unknowingly may provide incorrect date or just an estimated date. If IRCC finds out that it is incorrect, then that applicant falls under misrepresentation.

    Even if your unauthorized agent or consultant fills out incorrect information due to a clerical error, then also applicants are considered to be misrepresenting on their application.

    4. Insufficient supporting documents

    Failure to provide sufficient or suitable supporting documentation, such as marriage certificates, pictures, and shared financial records, might result in a denial.

    Additionally, even a slight doubt of forged document (even if they are original) due to inconsistencies can result in refusal of spousal sponsorship.

    Always remember, onus is on the applicants to prove that their relationship is genuine by providing strong paperwork which is consistent with each other.

    5. Unsatisfactory Financial support

    The sponsor must show that they have enough money to support their spouse once they arrive in Canada.

    If they do not give appropriate financial support proofs, the application may be denied.

    This can be in the form of pay stubs or balance in the saving account.

    Always remember sponsoring spouse has 3 years of financial obligation and immigration officer do assess the financial situation of the sponsor.

    6. Providing Inconsistent Answers in Interview

    Immigration officer may call some sponsored spouses for an interview to clear out the doubts in application or just to establish if relationship is genuine.

    This is a good chance for the sponsored spouse to satisfy the officer by provided correct and accurate answers.

    Remember lies are always caught based on the answers that you provide or may result in inconsistencies.

    In interviews, officer expects you to know almost all the details of your spouse including important dates and background.

    7. Not Declaring all the dependents

    It is important to declare all the dependents on the application. Furthermore, always declare your non-accompanying family members on family information form accurately.

    The application may be denied if the sponsor fails to declare all of their dependents in their application or if their financial assistance is judged insufficient for all dependents.

    8. Proof of Residency

    The sponsor must be a Canadian citizen or permanent resident of Canada. Furthermore, they should be residing in Canada to submit a sponsorship application.

    If they are unable to show adequate proof of residency, their application could be refused.

    9. Previous Sponsorship Defaults

    If a sponsor has previously failed to fulfil a sponsorship commitment, they may be judged ineligible to sponsor again.

    Furthermore, the spouse is not be able to sponsor their partner, if previous sponsorship undertaking has not yet ended.

    10. Incomplete Application

    Always remember that an application can also be refused if the application form is incomplete or if the required fees are not paid, or if sufficient information is not provided.

    Immigration officer always have the discretion of refusing an application or they may ask for additional documents.

    So, submit your application with caution ensuring you are not leaving out any information.


  • IEC 2023 New Round of Invitations Sent >2,200 Invites

    IEC 2023 New Round of Invitations: The 9th International Experience Canada (IEC) 2023 draw sent out more than 2,200 invitations for the week ending March 10, 2023.

    More than 1,841 invites were extended to potential participants in the IEC Working Holiday category from more than 30 different countries.

    As of March 10, 2023 140 additional spots have been added to Working Holiday category and 160 to Young Professionals category for Greece.

    Previously, IEC Working Holiday Quota for Korea and the United Kingdom was also increased on February 24, 2023.

    Currently, there are around 31,757 available spots in Working Holiday category with more than 5,788 candidates in pool awaiting an invitation.

    223 invites are issued under Young Professionals category. Furthermore, 235 candidates are in pool competing for 3,460 available spots.

    Additionally, 166 invites are sent under the International Co-op (internship) category. Out of these, 163 invites are sent to citizens of France.

    There are 127 candidates in pool and 2,732 available spots in the International Co-op (internship) category.

    This year, a total of 90,000 quota is allotted for IEC 2023, and around 62,000 invitations have already been distributed.

    According to the most recent IRCC processing update on March 7, the current IEC season has a processing time of under 3 weeks.

    Below listed is the country-wise data on number of invitations, candidate in pool, and available spots under all the 3 categories.

    Working Holiday Category of IEC 2023

    CountryInvitations Issued
    This Week
    Total Invitations
    Issued In 2023
    Candidates
    In Pool
    Available
    Spots
    Andorra210018
    Australia2253,406249Unlimited
    Austria0154160
    Belgium2064731297
    Croatia3743229
    Czech Republic2559831612
    Denmark1216615223
    Estonia773768
    France016,8853,0540
    Germany1732,3761652,826
    Greece102178168
    Hong Kong9231992
    Ireland2754,5012547,718
    Italy751,180701,033
    Japan1992,9711824,183
    Korea Republic1957,2871,0371,919
    Latvia06660
    Lithuania242863034
    Luxembourg018067
    Netherlands5564044362
    New Zealand741,153591,653
    Norway9460102
    Poland3046220364
    Portugal31499301,388
    San Marino04022
    Slovakia1531713112
    Slovenia026169
    Spain761,144421,097
    Sweden1016021488
    United Kingdom2875,5543916,613
    Total1,84151,1515,78831,757

    IEC has already issued 2,292 invitations to Chile, 63 to Costa Rica, and 2,553 to Taiwan. We are not tracking data for these countries because chances of receiving an invite in next week’s draw are very low for these countries.

    Young Professionals Category of IEC 2023

    CountryInvitations Issued This WeekTotal Invitations Issued In 2023Candidates
    In Pool
    Available Spots
    Australia9632Unlimited
    Austria15159
    Chile2026524165
    Costa Rica612633
    Croatia06017
    Czech Republic8120672
    Estonia0308
    France1021,436981,338
    France via Volontariat international en entreprise (VIE)1518139382
    Germany1216519257
    Greece6894118
    Ireland3592140
    Italy91273152
    Latvia0427
    Lithuania015013
    Luxembourg00010
    Norway15011
    Poland028499
    Portugal0161193
    Slovakia328117
    Slovenia12114
    Spain7834113
    Spain via ICEX VivesNot applicableNot applicableNot applicable50
    Sweden213196
    Switzerland1013212106
    Taiwan881820
    Total2233,0522353,460

    International Co-op (Internship)

    CountryInvitations issued
    this week
    Total Invitations
    Issued In 2023
    Candidates
    In Pool
    Available
    Spots
    France1632,4141222,493
    Ireland06145
    Germany0442139
    Luxembourg0309
    Switzerland319037
    Taiwan0929
    Total1662,4951272,732

    Source: IEC 2023